Site Suitability Analysis of South-West Delhi

January 11, 2025

Delhi, being the Capital of India, is one of the fast growing Cities in India. Delhi is providing source of
Industrial Development, employment, better health care facilities and rapid urban development. Thus,
people from nearby rural areas and other areas are rapidly coming to Delhi and settling here. This has
led to the Urbanization of the city both in terms of well-built infrastructures as in Lajpat Nagar and poor
built unauthorized colonies as in slums of Pragati Maidan. Almost whole of Delhi is covered with
settlement and construct development. By 2014, the only left open land areas was the South-West
Delhi.
Since, 2015 South – West Delhi is witnessing of major rise in population in areas of Dwarka, Kapashera
and Najafgarh Tehsils. So, South –West Delhi is highly impacted with daily accumulation of waste. Major
waste are being dumped in the Najafgarh Drain making water clogging. Areas, of Dwarka Sec 12 metro
and Kapashera border has small hills of dumped waste. This has led to the poor degradation of
Environmental conditions and rising health issues of both humans and other living beings due to Land,
Water and Air pollution.
This project aims to study the entire South – West Delhi using the aspect of GIS technology and find a
suitable site for the Landfill, which would help in developing the poor Environmental conditions of the
area. Using GIS mapping aspect as Arc GIS Software, we would map areas of the South – West Delhi
and its distribution of Roads, Buildings Settlements, distribution of Hospitals, Ponds where animals drink
water, Railways areas, etc. and finally decipher a suitable Landfill Site saving the area from any kind of
pollution.

Weighted Overlay Tool

Methodology :
Part B : Carrying out the Weighted Overlay Analysis of all the Parameters
All the Vector Layers as Roads, Buildings, Drains, Ponds, Railway,
etc. are analysed on the Spatial Analyst tool in ArcGIS
Euclidean Distance Tool Analysis
Each vector feature cell is calculated to the nearest source point, to find their
impacted area coverage. It helps to reclassify these areas
Reclassification of the Parameters
Reclassify tool helps to convert each of the vector Layer features/parameters as Roads,
Railway, Buildings, Drains, etc. into Raster Layer (Tiff file) reclassified into 4 classes of
impacted area coverage to ease the Weighted Overlay Analysis
Weighted Overlay Tool Analysis
This tool helps to analyze the area covered by each feature in the extent of South-West
Delhi in the form of percentage value within “100 percent” distribution. This gives the
extent and impacted area of each feature in percent and also calculates the area of final
suitable area for landfill.
It overlays several rasters using a common measurement scale and weights each
according to its importance. Weightage is given to the major and important parameters
as: Roads = 32% and Buildings=23% as majority of the SW Delhi is covered with highly
Buildings and Roads of various dimensions. Then, Drains=12%, Ponds=10%, Streams,
Railway, Hospital and Police stations include 8, 7, 5 and 3%.
The assigned percentage give us the impact and covered areas of high importance for the
Public in SW Delhi, for which the Suitable site of Land fill is to be selected; which neither
effects the Health of living beings, prevents the pollutions and safely landfill waste is
locked to prevent any harmful effect.